What is the function of the diaphragm during respiration?

The diaphragm plays a crucial role in the mechanics of breathing, particularly during inhalation. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, which increases the thoracic cavity's volume. This expansion creates a negative pressure within the chest, allowing air to be drawn into the lungs. This process is essential for effective respiration, as it enables the body to take in the oxygen necessary for cellular metabolism.

Understanding the mechanics of respiration emphasizes the diaphragm's primary function in facilitating air flow into the lungs. Its downward movement is critical in differentiating inhalation from exhalation, where the diaphragm relaxes and moves back up, reducing the thoracic cavity's volume and expelling air from the lungs.